Search results for "Single variable"
showing 10 items of 12 documents
District heating networks: enhancement of the efficiency
2019
International audience; During the decades the district heating's (DH) advantages (more cost-efficient heat generation and reduced air pollution) overcompensated the additional costs of transmission and distribution of the centrally produced thermal energy to consumers. Rapid increase in the efficiency of low-power heaters, development of separated low heat density areas in cities reduce the competitiveness of the large centralized DH systems in comparison with the distributed cluster-size networks and even local heating. Reduction of transmission costs, enhancement of the network efficiency by optimization of the design of the DH networks become a critical issue. The methodology for determ…
Urban segregation and unemployment: A case study of the urban area of Marseille – Aix-en-Provence (France)
2018
International audience; In this paper, we study the effects of the spatial organization of the urban area of Marseille – Aix-en-Provence on unemployment there. More specifically, differences in the characteristics of the residential population induce urban stratification with the result that urban structure may affect the probability of employment. In order to evaluate the effects of spatial structure on unemployment, we implement a spatial probit model to reveal the employment probabilities of young adults still living with their parents. Our results support the hypothesis that living in or near a deprived neighborhood decreases the probability of employment.
RENT CREATION AND RENT SHARING: NEW MEASURES AND IMPACTS ON TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY
2019
International audience; This analysis proposes new measures of rent creation and rent sharing and assesses their impact on productivity on cross-country-industry panel data. We find first that: (1) anticompetitive product market regulations positively affect rent creation and (2) employment protection legislation boosts hourly wages, particularly for low-skill workers. However, we find no significant impact of this employment legislation on rent sharing, as the hourly wage increases are offset by a negative impact on hours worked. Second, using regulation indicators as instruments, we find that rent creation and rent sharing both have a substantial negative impact on total factor productivi…
The spatial dimension of the French private rental markets: Evidence from microgeographic data in 2015
2021
International audience; This article draws on data collected by local rental observatories in 12 French urban units in 2015 to analyze the spatial dimension of hedonic rental prices in the private rental market through (i) the spatial heterogeneity between urban units and (ii) the wide variety of contextual and locational characteristics (socio-economic, environmental (dis)amenity, and accessibility) and flexible specifications to capture their potential non-linear influence on rent. Based on a joint test of equality of coefficients across all urban units, we find that hedonic prices differ for 75% of the characteristics, thereby justifying a detailed analysis of heterogeneity. Lyon, Nice, …
Spatial mismatch through local public employment agencies Answers from a French quasi-experiment Spatial Mismatch through Local Public Employment Age…
2015
Using the unanticipated creation of a new agency in the French region of Lyon as a quasi-natural experiment, we question whether distance to local public employment agencies (LPEAs) is a new channel for spatial mismatch. Contrary to past evidence based on aggregated data and consistently with the spatial mismatch literature, we find no evidence of a worker/agency spatial mismatch, which pleads for a resizing of the French LPEA network. However, echoing with the literature on the institutional determinants of the local public employment agencies' efficiency, we do find detrimental institutional transitory effects.
Higher Education Institutions Quality and Graduate Wages in Tunisia
2017
International audience; We estimate the effect of university characteristics on the return to higher education in Tunisia. We use a variety of administrative data from the Ministry of Higher Education and Research, the Ministry of Vocational Training and Employment and the National Social Security Fund. We consider econometric approaches based on multilevel modeling, which distinguishes more precisely between the effects of individual factors and institutional factors on earnings. Our findings confirm the relationship between the income and some university characteristics such as the number of permanent teachers, the selectivity of the higher learning institutions at the academic orientatio…
NEIGHBORHOOD EFFECTS IN SPATIAL HOUSING VALUE MODELS. THE CASE OF THE METROPOLITAN AREA OF PARIS (1999)
2009
In hedonic housing models, the spatial dimension of housing values are traditionally processed by the impact of neighborhood variables and accessibility variables. In this paper we show that spatial effects might remain once neighborhood effects and accessibility have been controlled for. We notably stress on three sides of neighborhood effects: social capital, social status and social externalities and consider the accessibility to the primary economic center as describing the urban spatial trend. Using spatial econometrics specifications of the hedonic equation, we estimate whether spatial effects impact the housing values. Our empirical case concerns the Metropolitan Area (MA) of Paris i…
Polygenic Risk Scores and Physical Activity
2020
Supplemental digital content is available in the text.
A New Approach to the Stock Location Assignment Problem by Multidimensional Scaling and Seriation
1999
The problem of the best stock location assignment in a warehouse has a fundamental role while optimising picking activities. In the present paper, this problem has been faced by considering seven variables to compute similarity between items. In this context, the problem of the choice of the most adequate similarity (or dissimilarity) measure between units while applying Multidimensional Scaling (MDS), has been examined. Besides the right metric, the possibility of applying a Seriation algorithm has been also considered. By using both MDS and seriation not just a single target can be considered, but we are able to manage with a plenty of variables; on the contrary with techniques used in li…
Classifying Regions for European Development Funding
2010
Structural and cohesion funds play a prominent role in European Union regional policy, which aims to reduce gaps in development between regions and disparities in well-being between European citizens. The regions and areas eligible for funding — 308,000 million during the 2007—13 period — are chosen according to regional GDP per inhabitant as the variable of reference. Despite the great importance of this indicator, the complex socioeconomic reality of regions cannot be fully explained by means of a single variable. Hence, using the large number of variables on economic, political, cultural and demographic characteristics available at regional level, this article groups European regions in…